Literary analysis allows a reader to interpret a text in order to develop a connection between the text and him/herself and the world. Literary analysis can be categorized into various level of critical thinking: description, evaluation, analysis and interpretation. Analysis or criticism requires a healthy imagination in order to appreciate the deth and complexity of a literary work. In order to reach those depths of critique, readers must ask introspective and reflective questions which spark continued exploration of the text. Outside of the requisite literary elements (plot, setting, point of view and character), readers should also look for the following important factors of a literary work: imagery, tone, symbol, theme, form and appeal.
1) Into which genre of this literature does this text fit?
2) Of what other work(s) does this text remind you?
3) How is the text structured?
4) What is the text's main idea? What is it about?
5) How does its imagery relate to its theme?
6) Who is the narrator? (objective, impersonal) or (omniscient or limited-omniscient)
7) How is persona or point of view used? (first, second or third person POV)
8) How does the text's POV influence what the reader sees or hears?
9) What conflicts arise in the text? If they are resolved, how and to what extent?
The following are substantive questions:
1) How is the reader affected by the text's action, characters, or setting?
2) What is the spirit of this piece?
3) What is it trying to say?
4) What does it make me feel?
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